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However, how can you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative manner I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. Whatever you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the more supposes you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right suspect, your mining program determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its somewhat much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions that you chose to include in the cube.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. So the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for every block, a different miner will guess the number and be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the further mining power the network has, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics problem. Therefore that the difficulty of the mining method is really self-adjusting into the accumulated mining power the network owns. .
If more miners join, it will get more difficult to solve the issue; when many of them drop off, it is going to get easier. This is known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. As Bitcoin began to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.